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Reading time: 0 MinuteMnemonic For Causes of CKD DIABETES (focuses on major causes): D -Diabetes (mellitus) I – Interstitial nephritis A – Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) B – Blood pressure (Hypertension) E – Exposure to toxins (Nephrotoxins) T – Tubulointerstitial diseases E– Excessive protein intake S -Streptococcal infections (leading to glomerulonephritis)
Reading time: 1 Minute80% brain parenchyma, 10% cerebrospinal fluid, and 10% blood. Average intracranial volume 1700 ml Average brain volume 1200-1400 ml The normal color of CSF Clear, Colorless Average CSF volume 70-160 ml (125 ml within the subarachnoid spaces 25 ml within the ventricles) Total CSF Secretion 400 to 600 ml per day…
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