Cerebellar signs Mnemonic
Cerebellar signs Mnemonic is DANISH: Dysdiadochokinesia or dysmetria Ataxia Nystagmus Intention tremor Speech (slurred or scanning) Hypotonia
Hyperthyroidism – Causes
GRAVE HIM Graves’ disease Radiation (iodine-induced) Adenoma (toxic adenoma) Viral thyroiditis (subacute thyroiditis) Excess iodine (Jod-Basedow phenomenon) HCG (trophoblastic disease) Iodine-containing medications (amiodarone) Multinodular goiter (toxic multinodular goiter)
Hypothyroidism-Causes
THYROID’S Thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s, subacute) Hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction Young (congenital hypothyroidism) Radiation (radiation therapy or radioactive iodine) Overdose of anti-thyroid medications Iodine deficiency/excess Drugs (lithium, amiodarone) Subacute thyroiditis
Causes of CKD Mnemonic
Mnemonic For Causes of CKD DIABETES (focuses on major causes): D -Diabetes (mellitus) I – Interstitial nephritis A – Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) B – Blood pressure (Hypertension) E – Exposure to toxins (Nephrotoxins) T – Tubulointerstitial diseases E– Excessive protein intake S -Streptococcal infections (leading to glomerulonephritis)
Causes of Hypercalcemia Mnemonic
Two CHIMPANZEES: This one is a bit longer but quite comprehensive. T- Thyroid (Hyper) C – Calcium supplementation H – Hyperparathyroidism I – Iatrogenic (drugs like thiazides or lithium, or immobility) M – Milk-alkali syndrome P – Paget’s disease of bone A – Addison’s Disease (adrenal insufficiency) N – Neoplasia (cancers) Z – Zollinger-Ellison syndrome…
How to describe X-ray chest
Case 1 A. Xray Chest PA view was taken in erect posture in inspiration with Adequate exposure B. Bone & Soft tissues are normal, C. Cardiac normal in position, left border is normal whereas as right side border is obscured by homogenous opacity (silhouette sign) D – Diaphram – Left diaphragm in normal position whereas…
Quick tips to Interpret X ray chest PA view
Interpreting X-ray Chest PA view in a short time can be confusing and there lies a strong possibility of missing important findings while interpreting it. This may lead to losing numbers in table viva. Therefore below is a simple approach – how to interpret the x-ray chest PA view. …
Normal CSF FACTS
80% brain parenchyma, 10% cerebrospinal fluid, and 10% blood. Average intracranial volume 1700 ml Average brain volume 1200-1400 ml The normal color of CSF Clear, Colorless Average CSF volume 70-160 ml (125 ml within the subarachnoid spaces 25 ml within the ventricles) Total CSF Secretion 400 to 600 ml per day (varies between individuals)…
COMPETENCY BASED UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM OF MEDICINE.
General Medicine IM so let’s get start to learn concepts of medicine * Piece of Advise — TRY TO BUILD YOUR OWN CONCEPTS BASED ON VISUAL AND HEARING MEMORY & KEEP REVISING