Viral arthritis is a form of joint inflammation caused by various viral infections. It often presents as acute or chronic arthritis or arthralgia, typically affecting multiple joints. Unlike autoimmune arthritis, viral arthritis is usually self-limiting, resolving as the viral infection subsides, although some cases may mimic inflammatory joint diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. Viruses causing arthritis…
Question 1: A 48-year-old woman with a 10-year history of rheumatoid arthritis controlled with methotrexate presents with a 2-week history of increasing fatigue, pallor, and glossitis. Her MCV is elevated. What is the most likely cause of her symptoms? Answer: The most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms is folate deficiency. Explanation: Methotrexate, which the…
Approach to a Case of Thyroid Disorder Patient Presentation Symptoms of thyroid dysfunction (e.g., fatigue, weight changes, palpitations, temperature intolerance) Initial Evaluation Detailed history (family history, medications, radiation exposure, autoimmune diseases) Physical examination (thyroid enlargement, nodules, signs of hyper/hypothyroidism) Laboratory Tests TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) High TSH Check Free T4 Low Free T4: Primary Hypothyroidism…
GRAVE HIM Graves’ disease Radiation (iodine-induced) Adenoma (toxic adenoma) Viral thyroiditis (subacute thyroiditis) Excess iodine (Jod-Basedow phenomenon) HCG (trophoblastic disease) Iodine-containing medications (amiodarone) Multinodular goiter (toxic multinodular goiter)
THYROID’S Thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s, subacute) Hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction Young (congenital hypothyroidism) Radiation (radiation therapy or radioactive iodine) Overdose of anti-thyroid medications Iodine deficiency/excess Drugs (lithium, amiodarone) Subacute thyroiditis
HYPERTENSION: Hypertension is a clinical condition where the BP of the body is elevated more than normal & it leads to damage of various body organs if not controlled. Therefore it is very vital to have clear concepts of the definition, causes, and effects of HTN on vital organs, symptoms, sign and management of hypertension….
INTRODUCTION Measuring blood pressure of patients is a vital clinical skill that needs to be learned and practiced. Below are videos on concepts, mechanisms, and methods for measuring blood pressure followed by questions on blood pressure in the quick notes heading. 1. What is Blood Pressure? 2. BLOOD PRESSURE (BP) – CONCEPT, KOROTKOFF SOUND,…
Friends, Neurology is the only branch where clinical symptoms and signs if elicited skillfully and intelligently lead to the diagnosis of the disease, but for this knowledge of the underlying anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, vascular supply, neuropathology, psychology, psychiatry, neuropharmacology, and related disciplines is the utmost requirement. In the coming videos, we…
